DETAILS OF GM/UAW DEAL BEGIN TO EMERGE

From The New York Times:

For a generation, executives at the Detroit auto companies have complained that the huge cost of providing generous benefits for its unionized workers put them at a competitive disadvantage with surging foreign car companies like Toyota and Honda.

Now, with a new contract agreement with the United Automobile Workers reached before dawn yesterday, General Motors has taken a momentous step toward eliminating much of that burden, a step likely to be followed by Ford Motor and Chrysler.

The contract’s main feature — a health care trust called a voluntary employee benefit association, or VEBA — means that G.M. will no longer have to carry the debt it will owe for employee and retiree health care benefits on its books. Earlier this year, G.M.’s chief executive, Rick Wagoner, referred to those obligations as “very large and frankly formidable.”

That debt is estimated at $55 billion for the next 80 years. So G.M. will establish the trust with about 70 percent of that amount, making an upfront payment of cash, stock and other assets. The difference is expected to come from gains on investments by the trust.

In return, the union won guarantees that medical benefits for hourly workers and retirees and their families will remain in place for the next two years. G.M. will also invest money in its American plants, and will maintain its current union work force of 73,000, according to Ron Gettelfinger, the U.A.W. president.

BUSINESSES PROVIDE INCENTIVES FOR WORKERS TO REDUCE HEALTH RISKS

From AP via MSNBC:

First they tried nudging. Now companies are penalizing workers who have high health risks such as obesity and high blood pressure or cholesterol as insurance costs climb.

A small number of companies have linked health factors to what employees pay for benefits, but the practice is expected to grow now that some federal rules have been finalized, spelling out what’s allowed by law. Employee advocates worry that other anti-discrimination laws such as the Americans with Disabilities Act won’t cover the person who is 20 or 30 pounds overweight.

The businesses are deducting from employees’ paychecks, adding insurance surcharges or offering insurance discounts or rebates only to low-risk workers.

“Employers know they have to do something,” said Garry Mathiason, a senior partner at the national employment and labor law firm Littler Mendelson, based in Boston. “I believe that in just the next two years more employers will turn to penalties to change employee behavior.”

A 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey showed about two-thirds of adults in the United States were overweight and almost one-third obese. A U.S. surgeon general’s report said health care costs of obesity totaled more than $117 billion in 2000.

PRESIDENT BUSH UNVEILS HEALTH INSURANCE PLAN DETAILS IN STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS

As expected, President Bush outlined some details of his controversial health insurance plan in last night's State of the Union Address. His plan calls for an end to tax-free premiums in employer-provided health insurance plans, making the premium paid taxable income. To offset some of the tax burden, all taxpayers who either have employer-provided health insurance or purchase their own insurance would receive a deduction of $15,000 for a family plan or $7,500 for an individual. Currently, the average cost of an employer-provided family plan is $11,500, while the average for individual plans is $4,300.

From USA Today:

"For a lot of people, it would be a bonanza," says Joe Antos of American Enterprise Institute. He and other supporters of the plan say it would encourage employers to offer less-generous insurance plans. They say generous plans drive up the cost of health care.

Paul Fronstin of the Employee Benefit Research Institute says the proposal might lead more employers to drop coverage. Some employers might also find that younger, healthier workers would opt out of company plans to buy their own insurance, leaving sicker, more expensive workers behind, he says.

PRESIDENT BUSH PROPOSES HEALTH INSURANCE TAX CHANGES

In his weekly radio address this morning, President Bush said that he wants to change tax codes to make insurance more affordable for the uninsured. From The Wall Street Journal:

"Rising health care costs are making insurance too expensive for millions of our citizens," Mr. Bush said Saturday in his weekly radio address. To remedy the situation without hiking taxes or creating a new entitlement program, he says the tax code can be rewritten to treat health insurance more like home ownership.

"The current tax code encourages home ownership by allowing you to deduct the interest on your mortgage from your taxes," Mr. Bush said. "We can reform the tax code, so that it provides a similar incentive for you to buy health insurance."

Mr. Bush didn't outline the nuts and bolts of his tax-code proposal, but it is expected to include capping some taxpayers' ability to exclude employer-based healthcare benefits from their income, subjecting them to federal income tax. Savings could go toward tax credits for lower-income people who buy health insurance or for state insurance pools.

Altering the tax benefits for employer-provided health care involve far-reaching changes to the tax code affecting millions of taxpayers and companies. Bush's Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform proposed in November 2005 to limit the tax benefit for employer-provided health care to $11,500 for families and $5,000 for singles. The recommendation, which has languished with the tax panel's other reform proposals, came after witnesses told the tax panel the existing federal tax subsidies for health insurance were benefiting rich workers while raising insurance prices for the poor and increasing the number of uninsured.